Daria N. Gulidova

The proper noun being the object of linguistic analysis in the Arabic linguistic tradition is examined in the article on the basis of Arab grammarian Ibn Ya’īš’s treatise “Šarḥ al-Mufaṣṣal” (XIII century). The object of analysis in question is relevant to studying logical and semantic (reference), onomasiological (nomination), morphological, derivational and syntactic aspects of Arabic grammatical theory.

The article deals with the description of the types of noun and verb paradigms in the Arabic linguistic tradition. Logical principles of attributing a certain type of paradigm to a word are detected and exposed. The study is based on the Arab grammarian Ibn Ya’īš’s treatise “Šarḥ al-Mufaṣṣal” (XIII century).

The article examines how to distinguish basic and augmented elements of the Arabic word. The phenomenon of az-ziyāda (addition of a segment) is studied through the thirteenth-century Arab grammarian Ibn Ya‘īš’s treatise “Šarḥ al-Mufaṣṣal”. The identification of augmented ḥurūf is illustrated by hamza. The main criteria are derivation, evidence from words of the same pattern, and the frequency with which a ḥarf is basic or augmented in a given position. The article also examines the hierarchy of nouns according to their ability to change morphological structure: triradical nouns rank highest, followed by quadriradical and quinqueradical nouns. Special attention is paid to initial hamza. Three types of structural defectiveness in nonverbal nouns with an initial prothetic hamza are identified: elision of the third radical; assimilation of the vowel of the second radical to that of the third; and an atypical pattern whose use is restricted to a particular context.