The epics of the Turkic peoples have an ancient history. All Turkic dastans, including the very early ones, tell about the people’s struggle for justice, the revival of the motherland, love, spirituality. The people composing the epic had a belief in justice, which can be seen in the victorious ending in all the works. And naturally, the hero, who was the winner in the folk epic, was presented in the form of a strong, courageous and unshakable. For his invincibility, the hero of the Turkic epics always needed supernatural powers. To increase the interest of the unusual, indestructible and courageous hero of the Turkic epics, the creators add unusual information about the birth of the hero. And for this reason, the motive of a miraculous birth is widespread in Turkic dastans. For this reason, starting from the day of the creation of the first Turkish epics, we can say that in all dastans the hero is born in a miraculous way. But over time, the form of such a birth changes. For example, if we compare in the early dastans about the magical birth of Ari Kaan and Oguz Kagan, there are some differences between the birth of heroes in later dastans. If in early dastans we observe the magical birth of a hero in the mother’s womb from a ray of light, a drop of water, one breath, a tree, a skull powder, then in relatively later heroes are born from Gods, demigods who descended from heaven, and you can also observe an unusual birth girls-beloved heroes. In the Middle Ages, during the significant influence of Sufism on the epic, the motive of the miraculous birth of the hero from an ordinary earthling is observed. Although the problem of the poetic hero, his typology in folklore has repeatedly been the object of research, the miraculous birth of the hero and his forms did not stand out as an independent subject of study. In this article, for the first time, they tried to determine the forms of the miraculous birth of the hero, as well as give variants of such a process. In this study, the heroic dastans “Ari Kaan”, “Oguz Kagan”, “Aldai Buuchu”, “Oruzmek”, “Manas”, “Alpamysh”, “Dede Korkud”, “Korogly”, “Tulum Khoja” belonged to these peoples; as well as in the dastans about love “Asli and Kerem”, “Gul Masum”, “Leyli and Majnun”, “Latif Shah”, “Gurbani” both heroic and love motives were analyzed and reunited with the motives of a miraculous birth.
Keywords:
epic; the first man; miraculous; birth; variation